Machine for turning carriage-axles



No. 6|5,9|9. Patented Dec. I3, |898.

' B. R. SPEARS.

MAGHNE FDR TURIIINGCARRIAGE AXLES. (Application lod llt. 81, 18983 (NoModel.) 5 sheets-sum1.

Y Nb. 615,949. Patented nec. I3, |898: V R. n. SPEARS. MACHINE FURTURNING CARBIAGEAXLES.

(Application led Mar. 31, 1898.`|

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(Np Model.)

No. 6I5,9I9. v Patented Dec. I3, |898.V

R. R. SPEARS.

MACHINE FR TURNING CARRIAGE AXLE'S.

(Appliction led Mar. 81, 1898.) (No Model.) v 5 sheets-sheet 3.

No. 6|5,9|9. Patented nec. ls, |898.

R. n. sPEAns. MACHINE FOR TURNING CARRIAGE AXLES.

(Application 'med mar. 31, 1898:;

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

wihysses No. 6|5,9|9. Patemed Dec. I3, m98.

I R. R. SPEARS. v MACHINE FUR TURNING CARRIAGE AXLE'S.

" (Application med Mar. s1, 189s.;

(M Model.) i 5 Sheng-Sheet 5.

UNITED STATES APATENT CFFICE.

RALPH REED SPEARS,` OF WHEELING, WEST'VIRGINIA.

MACHINE FOR TURNING CRRIAGE-AXLES. I

sPEcIFrA'rIoN forming part of Letters Patent No.615,9f1e, datedDeeembe'r 13, i898.

Application filed March 81, 189B. Serial No. 675,977. (No model.)

To LZ/l whom t may concern.-

Beit known that I, RALPH REED SPEARS, a

.citizen of the United States,residin g at Wheeling, in the county ofOhio and State of West Virginia, have invented a new and useful Machinefor Turning Carriage-Axles, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to machines for tu rning carriage-axles, and hasfor its object to provide an improved machine of this charac' tervhaving means for operating simultaneously upon three axles with'different tools, whereby the 'spindles thereof may be completely turnedand nicked or grooved with but one handling.

In the turning or trimming of the spindles of carriage-axles threeoperations are usually necessary to complete the same, suchoperationsbeing, first, to remove the rough metal from the axle-spindle; second,to smooth or finish the spindle, and, iinally, to groove and round upthe collar and tip end of the spindle; and in the present machine thesethree operations are carried on at one time upon` three different axles,so that after one operation of the machine one carriage-axle has beencompletely turned or trimmed and is ready to be replaced by a roughforged axle.

A further object of the inventionv is to provide improved means forholding and'adjusting the work and for arranging and feeding the tools.

accordance with this invention.

With these and other objects in view, which will readily appear as thenature of the invention is better understood, the same consists4 in thenovel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinaftermore fully described, illustrated, and claimed. l

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an axle-turning machineconstructed in Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view thereof.Fig.. 3 is an end sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is anend View of the rotatable work-holdin g drum, showing the properrelative positions of the work-chucks. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectionalview on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is an elevation of thereciprocatory tool-carriage on the line of section 6 6 of Fig. 2. Fig.l7 is a top plan view of the upper tool-holder for the nicking orgrooving tools. Fig, 8 is a vertical longitudinal'sectional View of theconstruction shown in Fig.y

7. Fig. 9 is a detail elevation showingv the initial position of thefeed-controlling lever of the hydraulic feed mechanism for thetoolcarrier. Fig. 10 is a top plan view of the construction shown inFig. 9. Fig. 11 is a detail inperspective of the axle-gage forpositioning the rough forged axle. Fig. 12 is an enlarged detailsectional view shcwing one of the bushing-bearings for each tubularchuckmandrel. Fig. 13 isa longitudinal sectional view of the hydrauliccylinder of the feed mechanism. Fig. 14 is a longitudinal detailsectional view of the friction-gear device for the rotatable or-revoluble work-holding drum. Fig. 15 is a detail longitudinal sectionalView of the hydraulic valve mechanism.

' Referring to the accompanying drawings, the v numeral 1 designates ahorizontal machine-bed supported at its ends on the usualsupporting-legs2 and provided at its upper side edges with the oppositely-l'ocatedparallel longitudinal slideways 3, of a V shape in cross-section andproviding for the sliding support of the vtool-carriage, to behereinafte referred to.

AT-he 4machine-bed 1 has tted on top thereof, at one end, .an openstationary bearing-frame 4, having at its ends the, oppositely-locatedvertically disposed bearing ngs 5. The

bearing-rings 5 f the frame 4 are formed in two sections rabbetedtogether at their meeting ends, as at 6,'and the upper of which sections7 is removable and detachably connected at" its ends with the lowersection,"-

matching the same, byA means of suitable fastening screws or bolts 8.The upper removone end thereof vwith an annular retaininggroove 10,receiving therein one of the bearing-rings 5 of the frame l4.

The rotatable work holding drum 9 has fitted in the opposite endsthereof a concentric series of bearing-bushings 11, which pro- IOO jectinwardly within the drum and are provided at their outer ends with endflanges or heads 12, bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the ends ofthe drum, on the exterior thereof, and the horizontally-alined bushings11 in the opposite ends of the drum form bearings for the longitudinalrotatable tubular chuckmandrels 13. The ehuck-mandrels 13 are arrangedat equal distances apart and concen tric with the axis of rotation ofthe drtm and are designed to have a rotation independent of the rotationof the latter when the drum is stationary, as will be hereinafter morefully eX- plained. The said tubular chhck-mandrels 13 extendlongitudinally through the rotatable drum and project through theoppositelylocated bearing-bushings beyond both ends of the drum, asclearly illustrated i n Fig. 2 of the drawings. Each chuck-mandrel hasfitted on the inner projecting end thereof a Work-holding chuck 14 ofany approved construction and fastened in any suitable inanner to themandrel, so as to rotate therewith, each chuck having the usualchuck-jaws 15,

adapted to be clamped onto. the carriage-axle4 A to be operated upon, itbeing understood that the carriage-axles are inserted into the tubularchuck-mandrels and held in position by the chucks 14, carried thereby.The rotation of the mandrels and the chucks carried thereby willtherefore provide for rotating the axles against the cutting-tools.There is a pair of oppositely-located bearing-bushings 11 foreach of thetubular chuck-mandrels; but there are only three of these mandrels,corresponding to the number of tools required to properly trim andfinish the spinwardly`within the drum in the same manner as the bushings11 to afford a long bearing forv the shaft 18, as well as for the drumwhen the latter is rotated to shift theposition of the `axles from onetool to the other.

The extreme outer end of the central driveshaft 1,8 is supported in anexterior bearing 20 and has mounted thereon a suitable frictionclutch-pulley 21, .which receives the driving-belt for communicatingmotion to the drum and the rotatable ehuck-mandrels carried thereby.'The friction clutch-pulley 21 is designed to be clutched to the shaft18 by means of asuitable friction-clutch 22, controlled in the usualmanner by the clutch- 'lever 23, which when manipulated provides forthrowing the clutch in andout of action,

whereby the pulley 21 may be caused to rotate loosely on the drive-shaftor to be clutched thereto,it being understood th at when the fric'-vtion-elutch is engaged with the pulley 21 the drive-shaft 18 will berotated and through the medium of the gears 17 and 16 communicate motionto the rotatable chuck-nlandrel's.

To provide for communicating rotary motionto the rotatable work-holdingrdrum S), the latter has fastened to one end thereof a gear-ring 24,preferably flanged, as at 25, to

receive bolts or similar fastenings for securing the same rigidly to thedrum, and the said gear-ring 24 meshes with an adjacent idler-pinion 26,supported at one end of the bearing-frame 4 and in turn meshing with apinion 27'on the short counter-shaft 28, journaled in thebearing-hangers 29, bolted or otherwise suitably secured tothebearingframe 4 at one side of `the machine-bed. The counter-shaft 28 hasfitted thereon at one side of the pinion 27 a gear-wheel 30, meshingwith a pinion 31 on the tubular clutchshaft 32, arranged in a horizontalposition-at one side of the machine-bed and also journaled in thebearing-hangers 29 below the counter-shaft 28 and parallel therewith.The tubular clutch-shaft 32 has loosely mounted thereon at one side ofthe pinion 31 a friction clutch-pulley 33, which receives a shortdrive-belt 34, passing over a belt-pulley 35, mounted on the drive-shaft18 at one'side of the friction clutch-pulley 2l to provide means forcommunicating motion to the tubular clutch-shaft 32 and thence throughthe medium of the gearing described to the rotatable drum 9. Thefriction clutch-pulley 33 is provided at lone side with the clutch-ring36, adapted to be engaged and disengaged by the friction-clutch 37,feathered on one end of the shaft 32A at one side of the pulley 33 andhaving a loose connection 38 with one end of the clutch-operating rod39, extending longitudinally through the shaft 32 and havingits endoppositethe end connected with the fricv IIO or other'suitable fixedpoint of attachment,

l 4work-holding drum 9.

formed -in the outer surface of the rotatable vThe vertically-movablebolt 46 is normally held .in locking engagement with one of the .notchesby means of apair of retractile springs 5l, 'secured at their upper endsto the under side of the bearing-frame and at their lower ends to theextremities of a cross-arm '52, fitted inthe locking-bolt 46, and thesaid lock-notches 50 are spaced at equal distances apart correspondingto the distance between the several chuck-mandrels to vprovide means forlocking the rotatable drum in its three working positions, as will bereadily understood by t-hose skilled in the art. l

When the locking-bolt 46 is held normally in engagement with one of thenotches 50 under the tension of the springs 5l, the treadlev 43 will beheld in its elevated position and thereby relieve the pressure of thecam 39 from one end of the clutch-shaft 32, which loosens up theoperating-rod 39 and the friction-clutch 37, so that the frictionclutch-pulley 33 will rotate loosely on the shaft 32.

vWhen it is desired to rotate the drum 9 to a new position, a downwardpressu-re on the treadle 43 simultaneously releases the locking-boltfrom the drum and tightens the clutch 37 against the pulley 33, whichcauses a rotation of the shaft 32 and a consequent rotation of the drum9 to the position desired, it being noted that with the pressurerelieved from the treadlev 43 the springs 5l will automatically move thelocking-bolt i nto the next succeeding notch 50 and relieve thefriction-clutch 3,7 from the friction clutchpulley, thereby stopping therotation of the drum.

The chuck-mandrel which is uppermost in the rotatable work-holding drumalways receives the rough forged axle `to be turned,

and in order to provide for the proper positioning of this axle there isemployed a gage- -carrying arm 51a, having a vertically-disposedsupporting member-52a at one end, on the o uter faceof whichvmember isadjustably supported the gage-plate 53. The gageplate 53 is providedwith a longitudinallydisposed slot 54,' receiving an adjusting bolt orscrew 55, engaging an openingin the supporting member 52a of the arm51EL and providing means for the proper vertical adjustment of the saidplate 53, which plate is turther provided at its lower end and at oneside edge thereof with an axle-receiving notch 56, in which the unturnedaxle-spindle islitted to adjust the same to the proper position to beoperated upon by the tools. After the rough axle has been inserted inthe uppermost chuck-mandrel and adjusted against the gage-plate 53 thevchuck-jaws of the chuck carried by such mandrel are tightened again stsaid rough axle to secure the same fast with the mandrel. After the'adjustment of the rough axle in this .manner the notch 56, be-

' ing in one side edgeofthe plate 5 3, permits the gage-carrying arm51?' to be swung later' ally out of the way, and to secure this result tthe said arm 51" is pivotally bolted at one end', as at 57, to the u per'sidef of an attachin g-bar 58. The attac ing-bar 5.8 is arranged'longitudinally above the drum 9 and is secured at its ends on top ofthe oppositely-lo- 'cated bearing-rings 5, or at least on the upperremovable section '7. thereof, and said bar 58 is provided at one endwith a'horizontallyarranged U-shaped keeper 59, having an adjustable'stop-'screw 60 fitted in the closed side thereof to form an adjustablestop for the arm 5l to be moved against. The open side of the keeper 59permits the arm 51a to be swung to the operative and Iinoperativepositions illustrated, in Fig. 1l of the drawings.

.The V-shaped longitudinal slideways 3 of the machine-bed beyond .the lchuck end of the work-holding drum 9 form a slide-bed for thereciprocatory tool-carriage 6l, having a slidable base-plate 62,provided at its under side with the parallel longitudinal V- shapedslide grooves 63, receivingtherein the V-shaped slideways 3 of themachine-bed, thereby forming a slide connection between thetool-carriage and the machine-bed, which permits of thefreereciprocation of the toolcarriage, while at the same time preventinglateral movement thereof. To prevent upward displacement or movement ofthe toolcarriage while in operation, there are employedinwardly-projecting retaining-plates 64, secured to the under side ofthe base-plate 62, at the longitudinal side edges thereof, and

slidablyengaging beneath the outer side edges of the V-shaped slideways3 of the machine-bed, as clearly illustrated in Fig. v6 of the drawings.

The slidable base-plate 62 of the tool-car- `riage has secured thereon,at one edge thereof, a pair of lower tool-holders 65 and 66,respectively, said tool-holders being. arranged in the same transverseplane and disposed longitudinally of the tool-carriage, so as toproperly receive therein the axle-spindles to be turned. Thetool-holders 65 and 66 are'substantially duplicates in construction andessentially comprise cylindrical boxings cut away at one side and havingfitted therein in different planes the usual axle-steadying plates 67and the trimming-tools 68, which tools are of any IOO approved .patternand necessarily have their cutting edges conform to the shape of theaxle-spindles to be trimmed. At this point it will be understood thatthe two lower toolholders 65 and 66, respectively, hold the tools forroughing and finishing the axle-spindles,

the roughing-tool in the holder 65 providing for trimming olf the roughmetal from lthe rough unfinished axle-spindles, and the finishing-toolin the holder 66 providing for the next succeeding operation-to wit, forcompletely finishing or trimming off the axlespindle and its collar andfinishing the trimming operation' proper, excepting to groove and roundup the axle-collar andthe tip end ofthe spindle, `and to provide forthis latter operation a third tool-holder, which will now be referredto, isemployed. A j

Immediately beyondone end of the lower pair of tool-holders and 66 thebase-plate 62 of the tool-carriage has projected from its upper side apedestal 69, having at its upper side a horizontal bearing-plate 70, onwhich is pivotally bolted, by means of the pivot-bolt 71, thepivot-plate 72, formed at the lower side, and one end of a horizontallaterally-swinging tool-holder bracket 73, which bracket is projectedfrom its pivotal support horizontall yin a plane above and between thelower toolholders 65 and G6; as plainly illustrated in Fig. 6 of thedrawings. A locking-pin 74 is removably fitted in alined openings in theplates and 72 to provide means for holding the bracket-arm 73 in aproper operative position; but by removing the said locking-pin thetool-holder bracket may be readily swung in a lateral direction toafford ready access to the tool-holder carried thereby when adjustingthe dierent parts therein.

The horizontal tool-holder bracket 73 slidably supports thereon an uppertool-holder 75, essentially comprising a cylindrical boxing 75, cutawayat one side in the same manner as thetool-holder boxings 65 and 6G andhaving fitted therein in diiterent planes the usual axle -steadyingplates 76; but in the present invention an important feature inconnection with the said upper tool-holder 75 is the sliding movementrelatively to the tool-carriage and the bracket-arm 73. To provide forthe support of said tool-holder, the tool-holder boxing is provided atits lower side with a longitudinal dovetail groove 77, slidablyembracing the dovetailed guide-rib 78, formed longitudinally of thebracket 73, at the upper side of the latter. The said toolholder boxing75 is further provided at one side with a horizontal laterally-extendedSup,- porting-base 79, formed on its upper side with 'a dovetailed web80, loosely registering in a correspondingly-shaped recess 81, formed inthe underside of the laterally-adj ustable sliding tool-supporting plate82, having an adjusting-screw connection 83 therewith, which providesmeans for readily adjusting th-e said plate 82 toward and away from thelongitudinal center of the upper-tool-holder boxing. The saidlaterally-adj ustable sliding tool-supporting plate S2 is provided inits upper side with a longitudinal. T-groove 83a, in which areadjustably fitted the toolposts 84, which tool-posts have adjustablysecured therein suitable grooving or nicking tools S5 for opcrating'uponthe collar and tip ends of thel axle-spindles in order to round up theseparts I and form the usual grooves or nicks therein. One of saidtool-posts Si carries aJpair o f the tools 85 for operating upon thereduced tip extremity of the axle-spindles, so that 1n one operationsuch tip extremity can be rounded up and formed with the usualannula'f.' groove, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 7 of the drawings.

The slidable tool-holder 75 has secured to lone end of its boxing aguide rod or bolt 36,

sliding through the socketed guide-head 87 at vone end of thebracket-arm 73, the socket of 86 and exerting a pressure against one endofv the upper tool-holder boxing to provide for normally projecting theother open end of the boxing to a point about two inches in advance ofthe open axle-receiving ends of the lower tool-holders for the roughingand finishing tools, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 8 of thedrawings. By reason of normally projecting the upper tool-holder'to aposition in advance of the lower tool-holders it will be understood thatwhen the tool-carriage is advanced onto the axle-spindles the toolscarried by the upper tool-holder will rst reach the point of cut andwill commence to operate uponone axle-spindle before the tools carriedby the lower holders commence to cut the other two axle-spindles. Whenthe upper tool-holder reaches the limit of its movement and the toolscarried thereby are fed against the work by the adjusting orfeed screwconnection 83, such tool-holder remains stationary, while thetool-carriage, together with the lower toolholders 65 and (iii, continuethe advance movement, so that the tools carried by the lowertool-holders will operate upon and trim up the axle-spindles of the twolower axles, during which operation the spring S8 compresses, so as notto interfere with the advance movement of the. lower tool-holders, whilethe upper tool-holder is stationary. The reverse action is practicallythe same-#that is, the two lower tool-holders 65 and 66 must back oitfrom the work until the compression of the spring S8 is entirelyrelieved, at which time the upper tool-holder 75 will leave its work andrecede therefrom, together with the toolcarriage. This action of thetool-carriage enables the tools of the upper holder to operate asufficient length of time to entirely complete the axle-spindle, so thatthe uppermost carriage-axle after each return of the toolcarriage isready to be removed and replaced in the manner already described.

The advance and return movements of the tool-carriage are controlledthrough the medium of hydraulic feedlmechanism involving an operationanalogous to the operation of` the hydraulic feed mechanism disclosed inmy former patent, No. 585,715. In the present invention thehydraulic-pressure cylinder 89 is arranged in a horizontal position atone end of the machine-bed and is rigidly bolted or otherwise fastenedto saidbed, so as to be supported in a proper working position. Thecylinder 89 receives therein a` reciprocating piston 90, fastened tothe'inner end of the piston-rod 91, sliding through a stuiling-box 92 atone end of the cylinder and Vconnected at its outer end with abracket-plate 93,'fastened to one end of the tool-carriage baseplate62,' thereby providing a connection'be- IOO IIO

casing 96 have branch discharge-pipe connections 98,v communicating witha com mon discharge-pipe 99. Anordinarydouble-plunger valve 100 isarranged to-reciprocate within the valve-casing 96 and alternately coverand uncover the connections 94a and 95a with the opposite ends of thecylinder, and said valve has its stem 101 extended through one end ofthe valve-casing and loosely connected, as at 109, with the upper end ofa reckarm 103, fastened at its lower end to a short rock-shaft 104,journaled on top of the machine-bed adjacent tothe stuffing-box end ofthe cylinder. The rock-shaft 104 has tted to its outer end a dependingstrike-arm 105, adapted to be engaged by a tappet projection 106,fastened to the reciprocatory tool-earriage, at one side thereof. Theouter end of the rock-shaft'104 also has connected therewith afeed-controlling lever 107, arranged for movement at one side of thetool-carriage and provided at a point intermediate its ends with aninwardly-projecting pin 108, adapted to ride on theinclined surfaces oredges of the approximately triangular cam-plates 109 and 110, arrangedone in advance of the other and fastened to one side edge ofthetool-carriage, so as to project above the plane of the base-plate 62thereof. One of said triangular cam-plates 109 is truncated, so as to beprovided with a fiat corner 111 at its upper end, and is thereforeshorter in height than the other cam-plate 110, both of said cam-platesproviding for an automatic controlling of the feed iri a manner whichwill now be referred to.

When ready to start the tool-carriage on its advance movement toward thework, the controlling-lever 107 is forced downward to a position whichbrings its pin 108 at the bottom of the inclined edge of the frontcam-plate 109, which movement of the lever draws the valve 100 in adirection to uncover the conv nection 95 for the cylinder, so as toallow the full head of water from the pipe'97 to pass into the outer endof the cylinder. The pressure of water against the outer side of thepiston will move the same inwardly and will cause the tool-carriage tobe rapidly moved toward the carriage-axles carried by the rotatingchucks. During the rapid initial movement of the tool-carriage the pin108i asccnds the inclined edge of the front camplate 109 and graduallymoves the valve 100 toward the cylinder connection so that the rapidmovement of the carriage will be checked at the moment the carriage-axlespindles are about to enter the tool-holder 7o boxings. At this pointthepin 10S will have reached the fiat upper end 111 of the cam- -plate109, so that the axles can properly enter the tool-holder boxings, afterwhich the -lever 107 is again forced down to bring the 75 pin 10S at thebottom of the inclined edge of the 'plate 110. This movement of thecontrolling-lever again allows the full pressure of water to operateagainst the piston, so that the tool-carriage will take another rapid 8omovement up to the point where the tools begin to cut, and by this timethe pin 108 will have ascended the triangular cam-plate 1,10 and cut offthe supply of fluid through the cylinder connection ,952 To complete the85 feed of the tool-carriage while the tools are cutting, a by-passconnection 112 isbrought vinto play. The by-pass connection or pipel 112is a materially smaller gage than the pipe 97 and connects at one end tothe latter pipe 9o and at its other'end with the cylinder connection 95,At a point between its ends the by-pass feed-pipe 112 is provided with acutolf valve 113, having a handle-rod connection 114 with its stem, sothat the passage of water 95 through the. pipe 119 may be readilycontrolled. By opening the valve '113 a reduced flow of water ispermitted to pass through the cylinder connection 95 into the outer endof the cylinder, thereby providing means for roo slowly completing'thcfeed of the tool-carriage while the tools are cutting. The returnmovement of the'tool-carriage is provided fory by forcing thecontrolling-lever 107 upward,

so as to uncover the cylinder connection 94 105 for the inner end of thecylinder, and when the carriage reaches the limit of` its returnmovement the tappet projection 106 strikes the arm 105, and thus movesthe valve to a position for cutting olf the flow to either 11o end ofthe cylinder.

'lhe advance movement of the tool-carriage is limited by means of anadjustable stop-screw 115, mounted on the machine-bed adjacent to thechuck end of the drum 9 and 115 adapted tov be engaged by a stop-plate116, fastened to the under side of the carriage base-plate 62 near oneend thereof.

From the foregoing it, is thought that the construction, operation, andmany of the 12o advantages of the herein-described turningmachine forcarriage-axles will be readily understood by those skilled in the Vartwithout further description, and I will have it understood that changesin the form and proporti'onof parts and in the minordetails ofconstruction may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages of the invention..

.llaving thus described the invention, what ige is claimed as new, anddesired to be secured by Letters latcnt, is-

1. In an axle-turning machine, a rcvolublc drum lcarrying a plurality ofrevoluble ehuckmandi-els, a reciprocatory tool-carriage carrying acorresponding nu mber of tool-holders, a turning mechanism for the drumhaving a normally-inactive gear connection therewith, a locking devicenormally engaging with the drum, and a common controlling-lever havingseparate operative connections respectively with the turning mechanismand locking device, to provide for simultaneously releasing the lockingdevice and setting into action the inactive gear connection of theturningmechanism, substantially as setforth. 2. In an axle-turningmachine, a revoluble drum carrying a plurality of revolublechuckmandrels, means for simultaneously rotating the severalchuck-mandrels,`a reciprocatory tool-carriage carrying a correspondingnurnber of tool-holders, friction gear mechanism having a train ot'normally-inactive gears for rotating the drum, a locking device normallyengaging with the drum, and a common controlling-lever having separateoperative connections respectively with the friction mechanism andlocking device, to provide for a sim ultaneous operation thereof,substantially as set forth.

3. In an axle-turning machine,the machinebed havin ga stationarybearingfra'me,a workholding drum mounted for rotation in saidbearing-frame and provided at one end with a gear-ring, a plurality ofrevoluble chuckmandrels journaled in the drum, gear-wheels fitted onone' end of said mandrels, a central drive-shaft carrying a pinionmeshing with all of the gear-wheels for the mandrels, a friction gearmechanism having a train of normally-inactive gears, one of which mesheswith the gear-ring of the drum, a locking device for the drinn, a commoncontrolling-lever for the friction gear mechanism, and said lockingdevice, and a reciprocatory tool-carriage, substantially as set forth. f

4. In an axle-turnin g machine,the machinebed having a stationarybearing-frame, a revoluble work-holding drum mounted for rotationin'said bearing-frame, a series of separate bearing sleeves or bushingsinserted in opposite ends of the drum and projected inwardly concentricwith the horizontal axis of the drum, revoluble tubular chuck-mandrels.

arranged longitudinally of the drum and journaled in said'bearing-bushings, separate eX- terior work-holding chucks fitted on oneend of the mandrels, means for rotating said mandrels independently ofthe drum, a recipro-` catory tool-carriage carrying a plurality oftool-holders corresponding in number to the chuck-mandrels, and meansfor rotating said drum to successively bring the chuck-mandrels oppositethe diiferent tool-holders, substantially as specified.

5. In an axle-turning machine, the machinebed, a work-holder supportedat one end of the bed and carrying a plurality of revolublechuck-mandrels for holding the axles, a reciprocatory tool-carriagemounted to slide upon the bed and having on the base thereof a pairvframe and provided at one end with of lower tool-holders arranged in afixed position in the same horizontal plane and respectively carryingroughing and' finishing tools, a supporting-bracket overhanging thevacant space lbetween the lower fixed toolholders, and an upper or thirdtool-holder mounted horizontally on said bracket, and lying in avertical plane between the said lower holders, said upper or thirdholder carrying groovingor niekin g tools, substantially asset forth.

G. In an axle-tu ruin g machine, the machiney bed, a work-holdersupported at one end of the bed and carrying a plurality of revolublechuck-mandrels, a reciprocatory tool-carriage carryiu g a pair of lowertool-holders arranged in a fixed position, a longitudinally-movableupper or third tool-holder supported inl a plane above and between thelower holders, and means for normally projecting the axle- Ieceiving endof the upper or third tool-holder to a point in advance of thecorresponding ends of the lower holders, substantially as set forth.

7. In an axle-turning machine, the machinebed having a bearing-frame, awork-holding drum mounted for rotation in said bearingframe and providedwith an annular series of spaced lock-notches, a plurality of.independently-revoluble chuck-mandrels mounted for rotation in the drum,a vertically-movable locking-bolt `supported beneath the bearingframeand adapted to have one end engage successively in the lock-notches,means for normally retracting said boltin one direction,

a friction gear device having a gear connectionlwith said drum, anoperating-treadle having a connection with said locking-bolt andfriction gear device for simultaneously actuating the same, `and thetool-carriage carrying a plurality of tool-holders, substantially asspecified.

8. 'In an axle-turning machine, the machinebed havingia bearing-frame, awork-holding drum mounted for rotation in said bearinga. gearring, aplurality of chuck-mandrels mounted for independent rotation in thedrum, the tool-carriage having a plurality of tool-holders, adrive-shaft mounted centrally in the drum and having a driving-gearconnection with the several chuck-mandrels, a tubular clutch-shafthaving a gear connection with the gear-ring of said drum, a frictionclutchpulley loosely mounted on said clutch-shaft and having a beltconnection with said driveshaft, a friction clutch feathered on theclutch-shaft at one side of the clutch-pulley, an operating rod arrangedlongitudinally within the clutch-shaft, and having a connection at oneend with the friction-clutch, a locking device for securing the drum indifferent set positions, and a common treadle connection between saidlocking device and one end of the operating-rod for said frictionclutch,substantially as set forth.

9. In anaxle-turning machine, the machine- IOO IIS

pair of 4lower tool-holders arrangedv in a fixed v position in thesamehorizontal plane, andan upper or third tool-holder supported on thecarriage and capablel ofswingingin a'lateral direction, 'substantiallyas set forth.

1,0'.A In an axle-turning machine, the machine-bed, a work-holdersupported at one` end of the bed and carrying a plurality of revolublelchuck-mandrels, a reciprocatory feed-carriage mounted to slide upon thebed and carrying. a pair of lower tool-holders arranged in a fixedposition in the same horizonta'l plane, a laterallymovable bracketarmsupported on the carriage in a plane above and vbetween-the lowertool-holders, and the upper or third tool-holder mounted on saidbracket-arm, substantially as speci-v fied.

11. In an axle-turning machine, the machine-bed, a. work-holdersupported at onev end of the bed and carrying a plurality of revoiublechuck-mandrels, a reeiprocatory feed-carriage mounted to slide upon thebed and carrying a pair of lower tool-holders arranged in la fixedposition in the same transverse horizontal plane, a laterally-movablebracket-arm having a pivotal support on the tool-carriage and lying in aplane above and between the lower tool-holders, a locking device toprevent said bracket-arm from swinging on its pivotal support, and theupper or third tool-holder mounted on said bracketarm,y substantially asspecified.

l2. In an axle-turning machine, the machine-bed, a work-holder supportedat one end of the bed and` carrying a plurality of revolublechuck-mandrels, a reciprocatory ers, and a cushion arranged at one endof `the sliding tool-holder and normally projecting the axle-receivingend thereof to a point in advance of the corresponding end of the lowerholders, substantially as specified.'

13. In an axle-turning machine', themachine-bed, a work-holder supportedat one end ofthebed and carrying a plurality of revolublechuek-mandrels, a reciprocatory tool-carriage carrying a pair of fixedlower tool-holders arranged in the same transverse horizontal plane, abracket-arm supported on the carriage in a plane above and between thelower tool-holders, an upper or third toolholder mounted to slidelongitudinally of said bracket-arm and having a guide rod or boltextended from one end thereof and working through a guide-opening of thebracket, and a spring coiled on said rod or bolt and nor- 'Inallyprojecting the upper holder to a point in advance of the axle-receivingends o f the lower holders, substantially as specified.

, 14. In an axle-turning machine, the machine-hed, a work-holdersupported at one end of the bed and carrying a vplurality of revolublechuck -m andrel's, a reci p'rocatory tool-'carriage carrying a pair offixed lower tool-holders respectively having roughing andiinishing'tools, an upper or third toolholder supported in a planeaboveand between the lower tool-holders, and 'essentially comprising acylindrical boxinghaving a horii zontally-extended supporti iig-base, alater- .ally-adj ustable tool-supportin g plate slidably mounted on-saidsupporting-base, and provided in its upper side with a longitudinalT-groove, anv adjusting or feed screw connection with saidtool-supporting plate, and separate tool-carrying posts adjustably ttedin the T-groove of said supporting-plate, sub'- the tool-holders, thencausing a second rapid movement of the carriage to the point where thetools begin to out, and automatically stopping the same at such point,and auxiliary lmeans for slowly completing the feed during the cuttingof the tool,l substantially as specilied.

16. In an axle-turning machine, the combination of the machine-bed, the.work-holder' for the axles, a reciproeatory tool-carriage carryingtool-holders and mounted to slide on the bed, a hydraulic feed mechanismhaving a pistonrod connection withthe tool-carriage and acontrolling-valve for causing movement of the piston in eitherdirection, a controlling-lever having a connection with saidcontrolling-valve, and an adjusting-pin, a lpair of spaced cam-platesarranged one in advance of the other on the tool-carriage and adaptedto'inove against said pinto provide for the automatic elevation of thecontrollinglever and the consequent closing of said controlling-valve,and separate means for slowly operating said hydraulic feedmeehanism,sub stantially as specilied..

17. In an `arde-turning machine, the combination` of the'machine-bcd,the work-holder for the axles, a-reciproeatory tool-Carr iage carryingtool-holders, and a tappet projection at one end, an adjustable stop tolimit the advance movement of the carriage, a hydraulic feed mechanismhaving a piston-rod connection with the carriage, and acontrolling-valve for causing movement of the piston in eitherdirection, a rock-shaft having aconnection with said controlling-valve,and a pendent strike-arm, a controlling-lever connected with saidrock-shaft, and provided with a laterally-projecting pin, a pair ofspaced triangu- IOO IO'S

IIO

lar cani-plates arranged one in advance of the other on thetool-carriage, and designed ton operate against said pin, one of saidcamplates being shorter in height than the other, and separate means forslowly operating.,r the hydraulic feed mechanism, substantially asspecified. v

18. In an axle-turning machine, the combination with the work-holdercarrying chucks, of a horizontal laterally-swin ging gage-arm pivotallysupported above the work-holder and provided at one end with avertical1y-dis posed supporting' member projected beyond the chucks andcarrying an adjustable gageplate provided at one edge with an axle-receiving notch, substantially as set forth.

19. In an axle-turning machine, the combination with the work-holdercarrying chucks, of an attaching-bar secured on 4top of the support forthe'work-h'older and provided at one end with a horizontallyarrangedU-shaped keeper carrying an adjustable stop-screw, a.

laterall y-swingin g gage-carrying ar'm. pivotally connected at one endwith said bar and provided with a vertically-disposed support'- 'ingmember at its other end, and a verticallydisposed gage-plate adjustabl ysecured to 'said RALPH REED srEAns.

' Vitnesses:

THEODORE SCHULTZE, CHAS. F. SCHULTZE.

